The 1 kb DNA Ladder Marker is a DNA solution pre-mixed with 1X loading buffer. Simply take 5 µL for direct electrophoresis—easy to use. It consists of DNA fragments of 10,000 bp, 8,000 bp, 6,000 bp, 5,000 bp, 4,000 bp, 3,000 bp, 2,000 bp, and 1,000 bp. The 4,000 bp band contains 100 ng of DNA, while the other bands each contain approximately 50 ng.

1. If the sample well is less than 6 mm wide, load 5 µL of the marker to obtain clear bands. For wider wells, increase the loading volume accordingly.
2. For DNA electrophoresis, the purity of agarose greatly affects band clarity. Use high-quality agarose when possible.
3. The agarose concentration strongly influences DNA fragment separation: higher concentrations improve resolution of shorter fragments, while lower concentrations improve resolution of longer fragments.
4. Avoid using excessively high voltages; keep the voltage around 4–10 V/cm. Use freshly prepared electrophoresis buffer, especially when preparing standard images.
5. Recommended electrophoresis gel: 0.5–1.0% agarose.