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Product Description
Specifications
| Size | 400 µL |
| Estimated Lead Time | 1-2 weeks |
| Species | Human |
| Host Species | Rabbit |
| Accession Number | Q86TL0 |
| Gene Id | 84971 |
| Gene Symbols | ATG4D |
| Protein Name / Synonyms | ATG4D (C-term) |
| Clonality | Polyclonal |
| Preparation | This ATG4D antibody is generated from rabbits immunized with a KLH conjugated synthetic peptide between 441-470 amino acids from the C-terminal region of human ATG4D. |
| Concentration (lot specific) | 0.35 mg/ml |
| Recommended Applications | IF, Western Blotting, IHC-P |
| Research Area | Autophagy |
| Shipping Type | Blue ice |
| Storage | -20°C |
Introduction
Macroautophagy is the major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane bound autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane bound structure, which then fuse with the lysosome (or vacuole) releasing a single-membrane bound autophagic bodies which are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). APG4 is a cysteine protease required for autophagy, which cleaves the C-terminal part of either MAP1LC3, GABARAPL2 or GABARAP, allowing the liberation of form I. A subpopulation of form I is subsequently converted to a smaller form (form II). Form II, with a revealed C-terminal glycine, is considered to be the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-conjugated form, and has the capacity for the binding to autophagosomes.
Specificity
Other Names
ATG4D; APG4D; AUTL4; Cysteine protease ATG4D; AUT-like 4 cysteine endopeptidase; Autophagin-4; Autophagy-related cysteine endopeptidase 4; Autophagy-related protein 4 homolog D
NCBI Accession #
NP_001268433.1;NP_116274.3
Format
Type
Purified Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (Pab)
Calculated Molecular Weight (Da)
52922
Recommended Dilutions
IF: 1:100; WB: 1:1000; IHC: 1:50-100
 | Fluorescent image of U251 cells stained with ATG4D (C-term) antibody. U251 cells were treated with Chloroquine (50 µM,16h), then fixed with 4% PFA (20 min), permeabilized with Triton X-100 (0.2%, 30 min). Cells were then incubated with 102-13685 ATG4D (C-term) primary antibody (1:100, 2 h at room temperature). For secondary antibody, Alexa Fluor® 488 conjugated donkey anti-rabbit antibody (green) was used (1:1000, 1h). Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33342 (blue) (10 µg/ml, 5 min). ATG4D immunoreactivity is localized to autophagic vacuoles in the cytoplasm of U251 cells. |
 | Western blot analysis of APG4D Pab in Y79 cell lysate (Cat# 102-13685). |
 | Cos7, HEK293, MEF, and Hela cells, left to right respectively. Data courtesy of Drs. Jiefei Geng and Dan Klionsky, University of Michigan. |
 | Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded human cancer tissue reacted with the primary antibody, which was peroxidase-conjugated to the secondary antibody, followed by DAB staining. This data demonstrates the use of this antibody for immunohistochemistry; clinical relevance has not been evaluated. BC = breast carcinoma; HC = hepatocarcinoma. |
Antigen Source
HUMAN
Storage/Stability
2-8°C (short-term); -20°C (long-term)
Expiration:
12 months from the date of shipment when stored properly.